Frankenstein and Gulliver’s Travels Essay :: Character Analysis, Gulliver, Monster

Mary Shelley and Jonathan Swift were totally us†(Swift, 73). Quick doesn’t respect servants. Quick by and large depicts females, even his significant other, in a fairly unjustifiable way. The young ladies of Brobdingnag â€Å"would strip themselves to the skin, and put on their coveralls in my quality, while I was put on their latrine legitimately before their stripped bodies, which, I am certain, to me was a long way from being an enticing sight, or from giving me some other feelings than those of ghastliness and disgust.†(Swift 133) Gulliver’s considerations obviously address the young people of Swift’s time. In spite of Swift’s composing, Shelly’s Frankenstein depicts females in a regarded manner. Females assume dynamic jobs in Frankenstein, regardless of whether to Victor or to Felix. Truth be told, ladies assist Victor with creating in the reader’s eyes which is difficult to see except if they are referenced. Elizabeth is th e managing light of Victor, when his incensing condition of creation. At the point when Victor is re-joined with Elizabeth he depicts her in sentimental design, â€Å"time had since I last viewed her; it had enriched her with perfection outperforming the excellence of her immature years.† (Shelly 67) This is totally different to Gulliver. Regardless of whether it be his mother, Justine, or Elizabeth; Victor has positive experiences with females. It can likewise be noticed that the Frankenstein beast â€Å"demand[s] an animal of another sex†¦ and it will content me† (Shelly 135). This solicitation that the beast requests is significant as it shows the fundamental communications among guys and females that Shelly, not Swift, appears. Albeit the two stories are totally unique, they make them hidden subject that the two of them follow. The entirety of the principle characters of the two stories call attention to significant human defects. Gulliver and the Frankenstein beast are delineations of human instinct. Gulliver shows this through the individuals and social orders he meets in his movements. Quick, through Gulliver, portrays the defects of present day religion with the debates of the Lilliputians and their convictions of breaking â€Å"eggs at the most advantageous ends† (Swift 59). The peruser rapidly excuses this contention as ludicrous as a result of the ridiculousness of the question, and this is an ideal case of Swift’s uncanny ironical forces. Quick leaves no gathering sound in his book. Gulliver ,while going through the Islands of Laputa, discusses researcher and their undertakings in that â€Å"The just burden is, that none of these tasks are yet brought flawlessly, and meanwhile, the en tire nation lies wretchedly waste† (Swift 196).

Corruption and Bribery in the Oil Sector in Nigeria and Angola

Imaginative Exercise - Essay Example Rather, the legislature will depend on the permit to operate reestablishments, deals charges, land charges, and other non-singular expense incomes for its activity. I will lead them into a reality where training is absolutely critical but then costs the parent next to no to spend on. It wont be difficult to do this on the grounds that the youngster will be self-taught by their folks, utilizing the web as the premise of their study hall setting. State sanctioned testing of the kid will be finished by the Department of Education accordingly, just the testing expenses will be charged as extra government income. The test will be the essential to proceeding onward to the following degree of instruction similarly as in a standard school. The world that I imagine is one where individuals won't need nor need for anything since all the assessments gathered will go towards giving open with however much free administrations as could reasonably be expected. This will incorporate free clinical administrations with ostensible expenses charged for significant tasks and systems. Mine will be a world with a legislature that is down-scaled in light of the fact that solitary the most vital government workplaces will be set up. Excess won't exist since government offices will know how to perform multiple tasks in the administration of the individuals. The Utopian world that I will lead the individuals to will return them to the more straightforward occasions when individuals developed their own food and cultivating was the pleased lifestyle that individuals used to support themselves. It is where sharing is the way to endurance , not cash. Obviously I will lead them towards this kind of world and way of life as well as could be expected. Regardless of whether I effectively lead them or not will rely on whether they are eager to cause forfeits so as to accomplish the idealistic culture that I will endeavor to make for everybody

Norepinephrines Role in Treating Mood Problems

Norepinephrines Role in Treating Mood Problems Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print Norepinephrines Role in Treating Mood Problems By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 14, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 08, 2019 -Oxford-/ GettyImages More in Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Symptoms Diagnosis Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, is both a hormone and a brain neurotransmitter, or chemical. Its mainly stored in the neurons (nerve cells) of the  sympathetic nervous system  with small amounts also stored in adrenal tissue, which  lay on top of your kidneys. As a hormone, norepinephrine is released into the bloodstream by the adrenal glands and works alongside adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) to give the body sudden energy in times of stress, known as the fight or flight response. As a neurotransmitter, norepinephrine passes nerve impulses from one neuron to the next. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) Medications that inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin  (which is  another neurotransmitter) are called serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). By inhibiting the reuptake of these two neurotransmitters, SNRIs essential increase the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. Serotonin makes a person feel good and norepinephrine improves energy and attentiveness. SNRIs have been found to be effective in treating mood disorders like depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders.  SNRIs are also sometimes prescribed for chronic pain and fibromyalgia. SNRIs for Treating Mood Disorders The SNRIs approved for use in major depression include Cymbalta (duloxetine), Effexor (venlafaxine) and Pristiq (desvenlafaxine), but there are others approved for other illnesses as well. Although no antidepressants, including SNRIs, have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of bipolar disorder, they are sometimes prescribed as part of an individual treatment plan. Common Side Effects of SNRIs SNRIs may increase a persons blood pressure, so your doctor may want to monitor your blood pressure if he prescribes one. If you already have difficult to control blood pressure, an SNRI may not be a good option for you. These side effects often go away after a couple of weeks, but if they dont or they are particularly bothersome, be sure to contact your doctor. Some common side effects of SNRIs include: DizzinessDry mouthSweating more than usualUpset stomachFatigueHeadacheLosing your appetiteConstipationSexual difficultiesAnxietyDifficulty urinating The Family of Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors Each of these SNRIs is a little bit chemically different from the others. Effexor (Venlafaxine) Effexor was the first SNRI to be approved in the United States in 1993. It has been approved by the FDA for depression, panic disorder, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Effexor inhibits the reabsorption of serotonin quite a bit more than it does norepinephrine. Cymbalta (Duloxetine) In 2004, Cymbalta was the second SNRI to be approved in the United States.  of the way it works, it has the highest number of FDA-approvals to treat illnesses, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, and nerve pain. Like Effexor, Cymbalta also favors inhibiting the reabsorption of serotonin over norepinephrine, but to a lesser degree. Pristiq (Desvenlafaxine) Pristiq, the third SNRI to be approved. has only been approved to treat major depression so far. Chemically, Pristiq works very similarly to Cymbalta.   Savella (Milnacipran) This is the fourth SNRI to be approved in the U.S. to treat fibromyalgia. Savella works by inhibiting the reabsorption of both serotonin and norepinephrine equally and may even favor norepinephrine, according to some sources. Fetzima (Levomilnacipran) The most recent member introduced to the SNRI family, Fetzima was approved by the FDA in 2013 and has also only been FDA-approved for treating depression. Fetzima inhibits norepinephrine reabsorption twice as much as serotonin reabsorption, making it unique among the SNRIs.

Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time...

The American Library Association s rundown of the ten most challenged books each year since 2010 incorporates Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian. Last year, the Association listed the book as the second most banned and challenged book while in 2014, the Association listed the book as the number one most banned and challenged book. Recently, many parents of 9th grade students have sought to ban the book because of it s offensive language, racism, and sexually explicit language. What guardians don t know about is that different things such as, social media incorporates much more dreadful issues than in this book. Nonetheless, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian should be allowed in the ninth†¦show more content†¦According to the story, Did you know that Indians are living proof that n****** f*** buffalo? (Alexie 64). This shows an example of the racist jokes and the sort of harassing a ninth grader might encounter where in this quote, white children are tormenting Arnold in his new school. Arnold shows how how he manages to ignore the bullying and how he changes his life from being a fearful, somewhat immature teenager to becoming more self-confident and mature by standing up to his fears, no matter the risk. The second reason as to why The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian should be allowed in the ninth grade curriculum is because it is filled with positive, life affirming messages that students in the ninth grade could relate back to. I m fourteen years old and I ve been to forty-two funerals, (Alexie 199) says Junior after losing three loved ones in alcohol incidents. Though Arnold Spirit, is only fourteen years old, he is confronted with death of his loved ones over and over again and despite all of this, Arnold must learn to carry on and he does this by focusing on life and the joy it brings. Arnold states, I made a list of my favorite books:1. The Grapes of Wrath 2. Catcher in the Rye 3. Fat Kid Rules the World...9. Jar of Fools (Alexie 177). In this chapter, Arnold tries to comfort himself by making a list of his favorite things and Arnold later carries out his journey by learning to ignore poverty and alcoholism, the two primaryShow MoreRelatedSherman Alexie s The Absol utely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian 986 Words   |  4 PagesSherman Alexie is a Native American author who wrote The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian.... This story depicts a young Native American boy named Arnold spirit who grows up on the Spokane Indian Reservation face with poverty and alcoholism. After living on the reservation for 14 years, Arnold decides to leave the reservation in attending an all white school off the reservation named Reardan. Well at Reardan what makes a few friends named Gordy and Penelope who have made a good impactRead MoreAnalysis Of Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian 1576 Words   |  7 Pagesor psychological ways. Sherman Alexie s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian raises awareness about this common social issue, bullying, through his story about a boy growing up on an impoverished Native American reservation. The novel shows how bullying can leave deep emotional scars that last a lifetime. It s important to take bullying seriously and not just brush it off as something that kids have to tough out. The effects can be serious and affect a child s sense of self-worth andRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Sherman Alexie s An Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian 1278 Words   |  6 PagesThis rhetorical analysis will bring you through the How to Fight Monsters chapter of Sherman Alexie s story : An Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian. This book is a semi-autobiography that won the 2007 U.S. National Book Award For Young People s Literature. This story is about an Indian boy from a poor reservation with an alcoholic father, who wishes for a better life. In order to achieve this better life, Junior decides to move to another school in order to have hope for his futureRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian By Sherman Alexie895 Words   |  4 PagesDouble-consciousness in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian   Double-consciousness this sense of always looking at one s self through the eyes of others, of measuring one s soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity (Dubois, 8). W.E.B. Du Bois had a perfect definition of double-consciousness. The action of viewing one s self through the eyes of others and measuring one s soul. Looking at all of the thoughts good or bad coming from others. This is presentRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of The Part Time Indian By Sherman Alexie2068 Words   |  9 Pagesinappropriate behavior based on the age of the reader. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian is one of those books, and in the opinions of many the novel actually consists of nearly all of these reasons why most books are banned. The book is actually one, if not the most, challenged book in the United States. Sherman Alexie s 2007 novel The Absolutely True Diary of the Part-Time Indian is considered a controversial novel because of it s demeaning references to alcoholism, poverty, bullyingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian `` By Sherman Alexie1403 Words   |  6 Pagesbillions of people out there in the world. Every single person out there longs to be part of something bigger than themselves. They don’t want to be alone in such a big place as the earth we live on. They want to feel like they belong. This is exactly how Arnold Spirit Junior (The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian; Sherman Alexie) feels. He has spent his entire life feeling like an outsider. He longs to be a part of something bigger than himself, to be accepted. There are many aspects in lifeRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of The Part Time Indian1932 Words   |  8 Pagessituations, violence, and inappropriate behavior for the age it s been given to. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian is one of those books and actually almost consists of all of the reasons most books are banned. The book is actually one, if not the most, challenged book in the United States. Sherman Alexie s 2007 novel The Absolutely True Diary of the Part-Time Indian is considered a controversial novel because of it s demeaning references to alcohol, poverty, bullying, violence, andRead MoreIn Sherman Alexie’S The Absolutely True Diary Of A Part-Time1311 Words   |  6 Pages In Sherman Alexie’s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, the protagonist struggles throughout the novel by having two different selves: Junior, the outcast from the Reservation and Arnold, from the white high school at Reardan. As a result of being two oppo sites, Junior’s behavior and personality drastically changes, affecting both himself and others around him. Living in Wellpinit, Arnold Spirit gets nicknamed Junior from his fellow Spokane Tribal members, is an outsider, and only hasRead MoreAnalysis of The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie805 Words   |  4 PagesThe Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian which was written by Sherman Alexie, combines humor and tragedy to tell a first-person narrative story of Arnold Spirit Jr., a 14-year-old Native American teenager, and the events in his life about pursuing his dreams. This book is a semi-autobiographical novel and it has won the 2007 U.S. National Book Award for Young Peoples Literature and the Odyssey Award as best 2008 audiobook for young people. The language in this book is simple, humorous andRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian By Sherman Alexie1136 Words   |  5 PagesCritical analysis of The Absolutely True Dia ry of a Part Time Indian The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie, investigates the hidden facts about Indians. Alexie displays amiability, sorrow, and reality through his primary character, Junior, to influence the reader to comprehend how much the Native Americans are suffering. In present-day society, desperate Indians that reside in these reservations endure incurable poverty that keeps on prevailing. This dim world loaded

Road Rage Free Essay Example, 1000 words

When we take into consideration the perspective of the Irish society with regards to road rage, we find out that the situation within the country is not at all different to what is rampant throughout the world. This means that road rage is a common phenomenon which is experienced by drivers around Ireland. The most common occurrence of road rage is within towns and this follows closely to a road and even in some cases includes motorways as well, where strict measures are in place to avoid the very same. All said and done, within the European nations, road rage has remained as a constant stigma of tension and worry as far as the government agencies and police authorities are concerned and without a change in the make up (thinking) of the drivers, there seems to be no way to look forward. Road rage are more common within South England, where the stats show a 29% happening while 18% is the figure provided for the same cases within North of England. Eastern England has a statistic of 15 % but since we are discussing the Irish perspective, we find that the figure for this country stands at 3% which is something that can be written home about. We will write a custom essay sample on Road Rage or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The figures for Wales and Scotland are at 5% and 6% respectively which suggests that road rage within Ireland is at the minimal possible level. Nonetheless measures are being taken with the passage of time to educate the drivers and indeed the general public with respect to their road responsibilities and to treat each and every pedestrian and/or driver with sheer respect and nothing else. One of the most important reasons that has been given for having road rage on the part of the drivers is that they were mentally disturbed or in agony due to family problems and the like. This means that road rage accounts itself more than half of its share on the family issues. These issues need to remain within homes and not publicly made a mess out of, at least on the roads in front of Tom, Dick and Harry. Research into road rage has suggested that United Kingdom is the worst affected by this violent behavior and thus it needs to get its act right if it wants to come down the research listings. ‘White Van Man’ has been indicted 13% of all the road rage incidents that have happened within the UK. Three in five of the offenders on the road felt pretty fine with their attitude on the road and stated that since it was the mistake of the victim in the first place, the same deserved to receive it for his/her own betterment. This means that more than anything else, there ne eds to be an attitude of empathy before a person vehemently demonstrates road rage and brings his/her own personality and eventually the actions under question.

Types of Sensors Free Essays

Types of Sensors Sensor technology is a growing form of technology that has caught everyone’s attention in the recent times engineers have been continuously working on new forms of sensors for incorporating different features into a technology. A sensor is nothing but a special converter that helps in measuring the physical quantity of an object and then converts the same into a special signal to be sent to the technological devices. Sensors facilitate the sending and receiving of these special signals for carrying out different activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Types of Sensors or any similar topic only for you Order Now If you look at some of the major technologies these days including the mobile phones or the laptops, you would find out that they all are making use of some form of sensor in order to do their job. We would here discuss some of the major types of sensors usually used. There are special sensors that are devised and used especially for acoustic, sound and vibration purposes. There are numerous devices like the hydrophone and microphone which act as sensors and are mainly used for the purpose of transmitting sound and vibrations from one object to another. These sensors are usually employed in devices that need to transmit and transfer sound and other vibrations. Sensors are not only used for sound or vibrations but they are also commonly used for different automotive and transportation devices and mechanisms. Some of the commonly used automotive sensors include defect detector, mass flow sensor, oxygen sensor, parking sensor and speed sensor. The names of these sensors clearly define their purposes and applications. The chemical industry is also full of innumerable sensors, which are used for different applications. There are special carbon dioxide sensors that help in detecting the presence of carbon dioxide in a given space. Other than that, holographic sensor, infrared point sensor, olfactometer, oxygen sensor and smoke detectors are some of the common types of sensors that are used for industrial and other technological applications making use of different chemicals. Electric current and magnetic sensors are also commonly used at different places and for different purposes. There are special sensors installed for detecting radio directions and even voltage fluctuations and changes at times. Engineers are trying to monitor the environmental changes and developments all over the world right now. And hence the environment and weather sensors have also become so popular and common. Not only can the environmental sensors detect rain, snow or soil oisture they can even be used for making people aware and precautious of the forthcoming events. In addition to these sensors, there are several other types of sensors like velocity, navigation instruments and optical light and pressure sensors. These sensors make technologies much more beneficial and more useful for the people in all ways, giving them better use of the devices. Reference link: http://classof1. com/homework-help/engineering-homework-help How to cite Types of Sensors, Papers

Microeconomics Value Maximization Theory

Question: Discuss about theMicroeconomics for Value Maximization Theory. Answer: Value maximization theory belongs to the neo classical theory of the firm, according to which every firm must aim at maximising their total market value, thereby maximising social welfare as a result (Baumol and Blinder 2015). This theory is completely dependent upon strong assumptions about the complete markets, perfect information and perfect rationality. In the value maximisation model, the time dimension has been included, which helps in considering the future profit prospects rather than just the current year profits (Nicholson and Snyder 2014). Hence, it provides the firm with the incentive to get a wider and broader perspective of the profits to be earned by the firm. This model helps in undertaking the matters of risk and uncertainty associated with the production process of the firm. It helps in analysing the burden of risk to be shared by the firm depending upon the future profits associated with the future prospects (Rader 2014). Several factors determine the quantity demanded for a particular product. One of the most vital factors that are associated with quantity demanded is its price. Other factors are as follows: Income: the demand for a particular product depends upon the income of the people. Income of a particular product is positively related to the quantities demanded (Varian 2014). With the rise in the income of the consumer, there is a rise in the demand for normal goods in the economy. Tastes and preferences: one of the important factors that determine the demand for the goods and services are the tastes and preferences of the consumer. If the consumer prefers a particular product, then its demand would be higher. Related Goods: there are two kinds of related goods, substitutes and complimentary goods. When there is a change in the price of substitute goods, there would be a positive effect on the demand of the goods that is referred. Contradicting, with the change in the price of the complimentary goods, a negative effect would be perceived with regards to the change in quantity demanded of the referred good (Mahanty 2014). Expectation of Future Prices: based on the expectations of future prices, there is a direct effect on the quantity demanded. It the consumers expect a further rise in the price of the product, and then they would increase their current consumption. Conversely, with the expectation of future fall in the price of the product, they would reduce their current consumption. Change in the quantity demanded of a particular product represents a movement along the demand curve. In this context, the quantity demanded of the particular product would be affected due to change in price, while other factors remaining constant. One the other hand, changes in demand represents the shift of the demand curve. In this context, the change in the demand of a particular product is due to change in any other determinants of demand, except its price. According to the law of diminishing returns, in a production process, with an increase in the one variable input, there would be a resultant fall in the marginal per unit output, all the other factors remaining constant (Postlewaite 2016). It could be said that the additional output gained by increasing one unit of the variable input would be eventually smaller than the additional output gained during the earlier increment of the variable input. Figure 1: Diminishing Marginal Returns (Source: As Created by the Author) In figure 1, the total product curve that is illustrated has an upward sloping curve initially, which is followed by a diminishing returns phase as pointed in the figure. Before the diminishing returns phase, the firm would experience increasing returns where the output would rise at a greater rate than the increase in variable input. In the diminishing returns phase, there would be a fall in the rate of increase of the output. Law of diminishing marginal returns helps in analysing the optimum variable input to be used thereby to produce the maximum output. It gets quite easier to analyse the capita-labour ratio with respect to the productive policies associated with the company. In the field of economics, the span of time in which production takes place in the economy is termed as either short run or long run. Depending upon its specific attributes, each production is associated with a particular span of time. Short run is considered as short span of time, among which the variables are either fixed or variable in nature. In the long run, all the variables that are used as inputs for production are variable in nature. Hence, the costs that are associated with the production produces in both short run and long run are quite different from each other. Short run costs consists of fixed and variables costs both. Fixed costs are incurred at the initiation of the production process, whereas, the variable costs are change with the change in output. The increase or decrease in the cost of short run is associated with the changes in the variable costs, whereas, the fixed costs is constant. Long run costs consist of only the variable costs incurred during the production process, as all the factors of production are variable in nature. There are no fixed factors of production in such a prediction process. The land labour capita and other factors all change with the change in output. Price discrimination is considered as one of key attributes of the monopolist. Under a monopoly form of market, the monopolist analyses some market power, which provides him with the opportunity to discriminate prices among different customers (Nicholson and Snyder 2014). If the market conditions fulfil the necessary criteria then price discrimination is possible to be practised by the monopolist. There are several advantages for a monopolist with regards to such pricing strategy. They would be able to raise their revenue level. They would be able to use their increased revenue for research and development categories. A two-part tariff is a form of price discrimination technique that is practised by the monopolists. In these kinds of price discrimination, the price of the product or service provided by the firm is composed of two parts (Varian 2014). One part is the lump sum fee whereas the second part is the per unit charge. This kind of price discrimination helps the consumers in enabling more consumer surplus. Hence, in such a scenario, the demand for such products would be more for the firm and would thereby allow them to gain more revenue. Reference Baumol, W.J. and Blinder, A.S., 2015.Microeconomics: Principles and policy. Cengage Learning. Mahanty, A.K., 2014.Intermediate microeconomics with applications. Academic Press. Nicholson, W. and Snyder, C., 2014.Intermediate microeconomics and its application. Nelson Education. Nicholson, W. and Snyder, C., 2014.Intermediate microeconomics and its application. Nelson Education. Postlewaite, A., 2016. Report of the Editor: American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.American Economic Review,106(5), pp.736-39. Rader, T., 2014.Theory of microeconomics. Academic Press. Varian, H.R., 2014.Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Varian, H.R., 2014.Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company.

Strategic HR Practices in Emirates Airlines

Introduction Strategic human resource practices require a business firm to focus on creating value in their internal functions to increase their competitive edge in specific industries they operate in.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic HR Practices in Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This requires a firm to link its organisational culture with its operational structure and business objectives to attain positive outcomes (Boxall Purcell, 2008, p. 67). Emirates Airlines is one of the largest companies with operations in the United Arab Emirates and other parts of the world. The company’s vision focuses on sustaining strong leadership to enable it to formulate fresh ideas to keep it competitive in the industry. The company’s mission focuses on corporate responsibility by participating in different community programs that have tangible communal benefits in different parts of the world. The purpose of this report is to highlight different aspects of strategic human resource management in Emirates Airline and how they have enabled the company to attain positive results in its operations. This paper will discuss an overview of strategic human resource management practices in Emirates Airlines and provide an analysis on how they help it execute its objectives in the industry. Approach to Management Strategic HRM principles which focus on giving a firm organisational effectiveness to make it more competitive in the industry have been implemented by Emirates Airline.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The firm’s HR systems offer all employees positive working environments that allow them to utilise their talents to improve performance (Boxall Purcell, 2008, p. 71). The organizational culture is closely aligned with its mission where employees pa rticipate in making crucial decisions which are reviewed and implemented within a short time. The firm’s operational systems are flexible and this ensures that various crucial functions and duties are performed in different locations to save on costs and time. Since it is a transnational organization, the firm has a less complex organisational structure which allows all employees to interact freely. The company’s resourcing practices focus on developing its own talent pool and sourcing experienced employees through the internet, recruiting agencies and the media. Advertising of employment opportunities by the company is done through traditional media and recruitment agencies which the firm partners with. Employees are drawn from 160 different nationalities and they are given equal opportunities to build their skills and talents in the firm. Adverts target employees with different types of skills who are able to perform a wide range of functions in the firm. More import antly, the firm constantly looks at changing patterns in the industry that are likely to impact on its operations and updates its employment practices accordingly (Bamber, Gittell, Kochan Von Nordenflycht, 2013, p. 55).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic HR Practices in Emirates Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the external pressures the firm has to consider when changing its HR policies include: legal environment, costs, technological changes, political factors and cultural factors that directly impact on its operations. The firm’s management team confers with employees before policy changes are implemented and this allows both parties to share ideas about benefits and risks that are likely to be experienced by the firm. Internal HR Management Performance management processes enable leaders in a firm to set goals to be achieved by all employees in their workstations to register quality outcomes. The airline encourages its employees to feel at ease whenever they are at work and this motivates them to focus more on the task at hand. Since the firm observes dynamic work practices, employees interact easily with managers to make them aware about different issues they are facing. The firm mainly relies on long cycle performance management systems which allow it to use personnel appraisal methods with different criteria to evaluate employees. Periodic reviews are undertaken and employees that attain positive results are awarded yearly bonuses, travel benefits and promotion opportunities (Bamber, Gittell, Kochan Von Nordenflycht, 2013, p.60). This approach allows managers to take note of different factors in the operating environment that affect overall organisational performance negatively.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The firm’s resource base is updated through both talent management and succession planning strategies. During training, employees are equipped with multiple skills to allow them to understand different duties they are expected to execute in the firm more effectively. This makes them suitable for different functions the firm specializes in to make them more competitive in their work responsibilities. More importantly, the firm has strong training procedures for new and old employees that increase their awareness about specific work responsibilities they are expected to execute (Exter, 2013, p. 87). Flexible induction policies reinforce a positive work life balance in the firm and as a result, they get inspired to attain positive results in their workstations. This approach encourages employees to take the initiative to improve their own performance in the firm. Communication, Employee Engagement and Organizational Culture The main language that all employees use for communicat ion is English. This allows people in the organization to interact with one another freely to form strong relationships that improve results. The inclusive diversity policies in the firm have increased the level of integration and cohesiveness thereby allowing all stakeholders to focus more on organisational objectives. The firm relies on both online and traditional communication platforms to engage with its employees in different locations (Nankervis, Compton, Baird Coffey, 2011, p. 67). Since workers perform their duties in a relaxed environment, the firm encourages them to increase their interest in other external activities that are beneficial to their development. This allows them to exploit their talents in a dynamic organizational environment because existing structures encourage mutual exchange and collaboration. The firm’s overall practices have elements of both clan and rational cultures. Clan culture is practised through employee collaborations to achieve customer service excellence in these functions; ticketing, onboard services, baggage handling, communications and customer care services. Therefore, information sharing and team work have made it possible for the firm to stay ahead of its competitors in the industry because of the additional value offered to customers. Rational culture is used by leaders in the firm to engage employees to improve the way internal systems are designed to improve overall performance. As a result, middle management teams guide workers on the importance of adhering to high operational standards to elicit positive reactions from customers (O’Connell Williams, 2011, p. 52). Therefore, managers are able to gather information to understand various issues that are likely to affect workers’ performance in the firm. Employees in the firm are encouraged to interact with their colleagues outside the workplace to make them appreciate their diverse cultural backgrounds. Employees are also encouraged to part icipate in various corporate responsibility activities and this has improved their perceptions towards the firm’s corporate values and ethical principles. Employees are encouraged to volunteer in corporate social responsibility events where they get to learn more about the importance of sustaining positive relationships with all stakeholders. Therefore, this has brought about a high performance culture in the firm which rewards and acknowledges people for their positive contributions to the firm (O’Connell Williams, 2011, p. 57). Leadership Style and Change Management Processes Leadership is a key function which every business organization must take seriously. The leadership style which is used by the airline is a combination of paternalistic and transformational leadership. The firm’s leadership has infused new ways of thinking into existing organizational practices which encourage employees to use critical thinking skills to perform their duties. Most of the senior executives in the firm have worked there for a long time and they are able to anticipate different challenges before they occur. In effect, they use knowledge-based theories to make proactive decisions which sustain the firm’s competitive advantage in the industry. Since the Dubai government is a strong stakeholder in the airline, some of its leaders confer with management to find out the impact of external policies on the firm’s operations (Wensveen, 2007, p. 98). The leadership model adopted by the firm focuses on both results and general behaviour to inspire employees so that they can become more diligent in their duties. The firm was forced to change its recruiting practices several years ago to cut down on operational costs. A majority of its employees come from low wage countries and this has allowed the firm to focus on other strategic functions to increase its competitive edge. Additionally, the implementation of an aggressive growth strategy has increas ed the number of global destinations it flies to (Hayton, Biron, Christiansen Kuvaas, 2012, p.70). More importantly, the firm was among the first airlines to place orders for the Airbus A380 as part of its fleet modernisation program to help it fly its passengers to long haul destinations. All these growth plans have necessitated a change in the HR strategy because the firm focuses on constant process improvements to sustain its brand value in the industry. Kotler Eight Step Process Step 1: The firm’s first CEO Maurice Flanagan instituted excellence policies in 1985 after being chosen by Dubai’s rulers to start a globally recognized airline. Step 2: Hiring procedures focusing on hiring expatriates from Western Europe and the U.S. Expatriates have served in senior executive positions for more than two decades and this has helped the firm to develop its internalisation strategy. Step 3: A change vision focusing on equipping employees with high quality customer service, communication skills was instituted by the airline to achieve its strategic objectives. Step 4: Employees were exposed to a new working culture which allowed them to understand the firm’s vision in the industry and how it was going to be achieved. Step 5: Adoption of learning centred approach to improve performance and to streamline various functions. Improvement in hiring practices to bring about cultural diversity at the workplace. Step 6: Performance management and reward systems for technical, customer service and other employees in the organisation to improve internal and external operations. Step 7: New expansion plans that enable the firm to use modern aircraft for long haul flights to increase connectivity and to provide high levels of comfort to customers. Step 8: The firm has instituted a corporate responsibility plan that encourages its employees to engage with external stakeholders to make them understand its long term vision. Change Implementation Processes and I nnovation in the Company The firm has focused on bringing transformational changes that are aligned to evolving overall brand strategies. As a result, employees’ perceptions towards change management processes are more positive because they know there are many opportunities they will gain in the future. Effective stakeholder management policies have been implemented to encourage all stakeholders to participate in organisational activities. This approach has allowed the firm to increase awareness about its short term and long term objectives in the industry (Hayton, Biron, Christiansen Kuvaas, 2012, p. 117). Managers inform employees about specific changes that are implemented in the firm and how they conform to its long term goals. As a result, this encourages employees to work harder to attain positive results in their duties. The company uses constant learning processes to make its internal as well as external practices more competitive. Since it has more than 62,000 emplo yees, it has diverse workplace strategies that make employees feel that they are appreciated. Therefore, all employees understand the role they play in the firm and this has stimulated positive thinking in different departments (Taneja, 2004, p. 112). The firm also relies on technology to boost various outcomes achieved by individual employees in their respective workstations. In addition, employees are allowed to propose new changes in their workstations to improve the quality of results obtained from different work processes. Work systems in the firm are designed to encourage flexibility and teamwork to allow employees to become more creative in their duties (Storey, 2007, p. 76). This approach encourages employees to propose new ideas which are forwarded to managers for review. As a result these innovative practices have helped the company to achieve a higher degree of service excellence out of its operations and this has strengthened the quality of its brand in the industry. Con clusion The firm has a less complex organisational structure that favours quick decision making. Additionally, it relies on technological solutions such as video conferencing to conduct meetings between its managers who work in different locations. Employees rely on mobile technological solutions to schedule flights in accordance with flight plans of different destinations to minimise delays. Moreover, the firm’s employees use enhanced technical support systems that rely on high quality mobile technologies to perform other important functions (Lock, Fattah Kirby, 2010, p. 10). It is also one of the first airlines that offered electronic booking, onboard multimedia entertainment and other value added services to its customers. More importantly, the firm has a full time research and development department that identifies specific areas of its operations which need to be improved to boost its performance in the industry. The airline’s recruitment and performance manageme nt processes are closely linked to its long term business objectives and they have increased its competitive edge in the industry. The airline’s brand has increased in value because it allows employees to use technological tools to make both internal and external work processes more efficient. In addition, the airline has a simple management structure that encourages employees to share information about various work processes easily. This has helped the firm to avoid duplicating employee responsibilities at the workplace and as a result, it has managed to reduce unnecessary costs. Lastly, work systems in the firm are innovative and they encourage employees to be more creative in their work duties so that they attain good results. References Bamber, G.J., Gittell, J.H., Kochan, T.A., Von Nordenflycht, A. (2013). Up in the air: How airlines can improve performance by engaging their employees. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Boxall, P., Purcell, J. (2008). Strategy and h uman resource management. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Exter, N. (2013).Employee engagement with sustainable business. New York, NY: Routledge. Hayton, J., Biron, M., Christiansen, L.C., Kuvaas, B. (2012). Global human resource management casebook. New York, NY: Routledge. Lock, H., Fattah, A., Kirby, S. (2010). Airline of the future: Smart mobility strategies that will transform the industry. San Jose, CA: Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group. Nankervis, A., Compton, R., Baird, M., Coffey, J. (2011). Human resource management: Strategy and practice. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. O’Connell, J.F., Williams, G. (2011). Air transport in the 21st century: Key strategic developments. London, UK: Ashgate. Storey, J. (2007). Human resource management: A critical text. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Taneja, N.K. (2004). Simpli-flying: Optimizing the airline business model. London, UK: Ashgate. Wensveen, J. (2007). Air transportation: A management perspective. London, UK: Ashgate. This report on Strategic HR Practices in Emirates Airlines was written and submitted by user Aria Richardson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

presence - definition and examples of rhetorical presence

presence - definition and examples of rhetorical presence Definition: In rhetoric and argumentation, the choice to emphasize certain facts and ideas over others in order to secure the attention of an audience. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation arguments speaker Through presence, we establish the real, Louise Karon says in Presence in The New Rhetoric. This effect is primarily evoked through techniques of style, delivery, and disposition (Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1976). See also: Audience Analysis and Implied Audience Examples and Illustrations Ekphrasis and Enargia New Rhetoric(s)ProsopopoeiaPersuasion Examples and Observations: Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca write that presence is an essential factor in argumentation and one that is far too much neglected in rationalistic conceptions of reasoning. The presence of a fact or an idea is almost a sensory experience rather than a purely rational one; presence, they write, acts directly on our sensibility.Thus, in argumentation a rhetor seeks to bring his or her audience to the point of seeing the relevant facts, or experiencing the truthfulness of an idea. . . . Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca share Gorgias and the humanists intrigue with rhetorics power to direct thought, particularly rhetoric in the control of a skilled rhetorician. But their confidence in argumentation as a rational foundation of discourse is decidedly stronger than was Gorgias.(James A. Herrick, The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction, 3rd ed. Allyn and Bacon, 2005) Two Aspects of PresenceFor Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (1969), achieving presence is a rule that guides the process of selection; we choose words, phrases, figurative images, and other discursive strategies to either (a) make something absent present to our audience or (b) increase the presence of something that has already been brought to the audiences attention. An example of the latter sense would be the way in which an orator, in a patriotic Fourth of July oration during the 19th century, would try to increase the presence of the spirit of the founding fathers.These two aspects of presence are not mutually exclusive; in fact, they frequently overlap. An advocate might begin by trying to make something present to an audience and then work to increase the presence of that item (whatever that might be). As Murphy (1994) noted, the idea of presence is a conceptual metaphor; when presence is achieved, what initially was absent almost seems to be in the room with the audience.(James Jasinski, Sourcebook on Rhetoric. Sage, 2001) Presence and Figurative LanguageThe very choice of giving presence to some elements instead of others implies their importance and pertinence to the discussion and acts directly on our sensibility, as illustrated by a Chinese parable: A king sees an ox on its way to sacrifice. He is moved to pity for it and orders that a sheep be used in its place. He confesses he did so because he could see the ox but not the sheep.Perelman and Olbrechts. Rhetorical Citizenship and Public Deliberation, ed. by Christian Kock and Lisa S. Villadsen. Penn State Press, 2012) Presence in Jesse Jacksons 1988 Convention Speech*Tonight in Atlanta, for the first time in this century, we convene in the South; a state where Governors once stood in school house doors; where Julian Bond was denied a seal in the State Legislature because of his conscientious objection to the Vietnam War; a city that, through its five Black Universities, has graduated more black students than any city in the world. Atlanta, now a modern intersection of the new South.Common ground! Thats the challenge of our party tonight. Left wing. Right wing.Progress will not come through boundless liberalism nor static conservatism, but at the critical mass of mutual survivalnot at boundless liberalism nor static conservatism, but at the critical mass of mutual survival. It takes two wings to fly. Whether youre a hawk or a dove, youre just a bird living in the same environment, in the same world.The Bible teaches that when lions and lambs lie down together, none will be afraid and there will be peace in the valley. It sounds impossible. Lions eat lambs. Lambs sensibly flee from lions. Yet even lions and lambs will find common ground. Why? Because neither lions nor lambs can survive nuclear war. If lions and lambs can find common ground, surely we can as wellas civilized people.The only time that we win is when we come together. In 1960, John Kennedy, the late John Kennedy, beat Richard Nixon by only 112,000 votesless than one vote per precinct. He won by the margin of our hope. He brought us together. He reached out. He had the courage to defy his advisers and inquire about Dr. Kings jailing in Albany, Georgia. We won by the margin of our hope, inspired by courageous leadership.In 1964, Lyndon Johnson brought wings togetherthe thesis, the antithesis, and the creative synthesisand together we won.In 1976, Jimmy Carter unified us again, and we won. When do we not come together, we never win.In 1968, the vision and despair in July led to our defeat in November. In 1980, ranc or in the spring and the summer led to Reagan in the fall.When we divide, we cannot win. We must find common ground as the basis for survival and development and change and growth.Today when we debated, differed, deliberated, agreed to agree, agree to disagree, when we had the good judgment to argue a case and then not self-destruct, George Bush was just a little further away from the White House and a little closer to private life.Tonight I salute Governor Michael Dukakis. He has run a well-managed and a dignified campaign. No matter how tired or how tried, he always resisted the temptation to stoop to demagoguery. . . .(Reverend Jesse Jackson, speech at the Democratic National Convention, July 19, 1988)* In the presidential election of November 1988, incumbent Vice President George H.W. Bush (Republican) handily defeated Governor Michael Dukakis (Democrat). The Effects of Presence and the Suppression of Presence[Charles] Kauffman and [Donn] Parson [in Metaphor and Presence in Argument, 1990] make the . . . important point . . . that the suppression of presence can have a persuasive effect. They show that metaphors with and without energeia can be used systematically, on the one hand, to alarm, and on the other, to dampen, public anxieties. For example, using metaphors with energeia, President Reagan speaks of antique Titan missiles that leave the United States naked to attack; he depicts the Soviet Union as an Evil Empire led by monsters. On the other hand, using metaphors without energeia, General Gordon Fornell creates an antipresence designed to sidestep public anxiety in the interest of further weapons procurement. The current Soviet ICBM force of 1,398 missiles, of which over 800 are SS-17, SS-18, and SS-19 ICBMs, represents a dangerous countermilitary asymmetry which must be corrected in the near term (99-100; emphasis mine). The systematic use of such colorless metaphors increases adherence by dampening what might otherwise be legitimate anxieties.(Alan G. Gross and Ray D. Dearin, Chaim Perelman. SUNY Press, 2003)

Company Profile Project on American Airlines Essay

Company Profile Project on American Airlines - Essay Example He has always advocated for consolidation in the airline industry so as to create a stable as well as a competitive environment for its employees, the nearby community and the shareholders. Beverly K. Goulet who is the Senior Vice President and Chief Integration Officer plays the role of worldwide functional manager. Beverly Goulet previously served as the chief restructuring officer of AMR Corp and led the restructuring process in chapter 11 of America’s constitution as well as in the analysis and negotiation of American’s merger with the US Airways. As the worldwide functional manager, she is charged with the role of leveraging knowledge as well as innovations across the various functional departments within the company. The position is held by Stephen L. Johnson as the Executive Vice President Corporate Affairs and Assistant Secretary. Johnson holds a Masters of Business Administration as well as Juris Doctor from the University of California. He further holds a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from California State University. As the geographic subsidiary manager, he operates as a bicultural interpreter who is in charge of linking different cultures within the company. He is at the forefront in the implementation of corporate as well as global strategies aimed at transforming the image of the company globally. Within the American Airlines, top-level managers include J. Scott Kirby who is the president and Elise R Erbwein who serves as the vice president. Kirby first served as the president of US Airways and he saw a number of major achievements in the airline industry. The top-level managers are responsible for overseeing the operations of the entire organization. They come up with strategic plans as well as setting a tone at the top of the organization so as to ensure smooth operations in the entire organization.

Prison law and penology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Prison law and penology - Essay Example This may lead them to focus more on controlling the inmate population rather than working on their rehabilitation. As previously stated, inmates tend to gather and form groups according to their race (black, Hispanic, Caucasian, etc.) or a race-related reasons (groups such as the neo-Nazis, K.K.K, etc.) and as a result, riots often break due to racial grounds. The real motives behind gangs formation and activity are actually power and wealth, things which they can achieve in various ways, often related to violence and disorder (Summers, 2006). The gangs are becoming increasingly stronger and more dominant ("Violent Gangs", n.d) and are also wise to draft to their ranks some prison guards and others that assist them in exchange for money, favours and more. 1 Therefore, prison authorities and representatives must always be attentive and prepared to thwart gangs attempts to gain more power and hurt others along the way. This undoubtedly shifts the focus of prison authorities from the desire to rehabilitate prisoners to the need to control and monitor them so that they dont cause more trouble and eruption of violence and havoc. Also, there are inmates which obviously overwhelming and something which they cannot escape or resist. These people have no place, power or control in the outside world and are therefore making extreme efforts to make their permanent home, the prison, their own kingdom and domain. This leads them to try and take control over it by forceful means and using violence and terrorizing others. They even develop ways to carry out their deeds using technological innovations and creative ways. For instance, it is claimed that a group of prisoners used a 400-year-old binary code system in order to smuggle notes, using guards as deliverers and smugglers of them (Summers, 2006). This shows the innovation and adaptability of gangs. They are no longer plain and simple, nor do they work in primitive ways. Now, when a

Characteristics of leadership

Characteristics of leadership Introduction The characteristics of leadership are examined in the context of business management. Leadership Shackleton (1995) defined leadership as the process in which an individual influences other group members towards the attainment of group or organisational goals. According to Torrington et al (2008) the leader may or may not be the nominal head of a group, implying that managers may or may not be leaders, and leaders may or may not be managers. Hollington (2006) argues that any individual may act as a manager at one stage and a leader at another time, depending on the situation. It should not be assumed that leadership is always a downward process, as there are times when employees or managers lead upwards. There is a degree of confusion between management and leadership, which is clarified by Northouse and Northouse (2009) who state that while management is concerned with the provision or order and consistency within organisations, the prime function of leadership is to drive change and development. Management seeks order and stability, whereas leadership aims to adapt behaviour and promote beneficial change. Qualities of leadership The understanding of leadership involves a blend of approaches according to Adair (2003). The combination of personal qualities (what you are), situational (what you know) and functional (what you do) all form a critical combination which distinguishes a leader. The attributes of a good leader are that they should possess most of the characteristics of the field they operate in. As an example, the leader of a law firm should typically have the characteristics of a good lawyer. More generic qualities are associated with leadership, such as enthusiasm, integrity, moral courage, warmth, and a combination of toughness and fairness. Both generic and typical qualities are necessary for recognition as a leader, supplemented with the natural authority which differentiates leadership from others. The increasing global competition in business has led to a focus on developing high-powered organisations which can differentiate themselves from the competition by the performance of their employees. According to Swart et al (2005) leadership had been identified as a key to the high-performance organisation. Leadership is seen as power to inspire, motivate and fill employees with the desire to change the organisation and to be the best. Leaders can act as change role models within the organisation. Building commitment to a common organisational purpose is essential to gaining competitive advantage and learning and development of employees plays a major part in delivering this. Dave Ulrich, whose work has had a profound influence on thinking within the human resources profession, has developed a framework for guidance of human resource professionals in developing commitment and common core values to organisations (Ulrich and Smallwood 2003). According to Harrison (2005) a key capability proposed in Ulrichs framework is leadership. Harrison relates that the latest human resource research findings show that there is an overwhelming need for effective leaders in the face of the radical change agenda facing the public and not-for-profit sectors of the economy or at the highly competitive environment in which all private sector organisations now operate. Leaders at corporate level are accountable for the results of the organisation and their brand has a major influence on shareholder confidence. At the line manager level leaders play a key role in communicating and enacting the organisations vision and in implementing the human resource strategies to raise employees commitment to it. Whether leadership characteristics can be developed within a person is the subject of debate. Price (2007) offers the following quote from Bennis (1990): I would argue that more leaders have been made by accident, circumstances, sheer grit, or will than by all the leadership courses put together. Price argues that whereas good leaders are comparatively easy to recognise when they are in positions of authority, developing people to achieve the necessary qualities is not so easy. Just as the nature of leadership is not fully understood, the appropriate methods of training and leadership are a matter of controversy. It is arguable that many supposed leadership training courses are actually teaching management skills rather than those of leadership. Training courses have concentrated on identifying the nature of leadership and the form in which the individual trainee wishes to adopt, which incorporates a range of options from being able to give orders to a more specialised form. Self0awa reness is often an optional training requirement for those who feel they lack identified leadership skills, by delivering a general boost in self-confidence. In each case the training depends of factors such as the participants level of seniority, or the organisational culture in which the individual operates. Clearly it would be inappropriate for a junior manager to adopt the manner of a managing director, or apply authoritarian forms of leadership in a business whole culture encourages wide participation in decision-making. Organisational strategy may be clearly stated and communicated, but the primary key to successful strategy implementation is leadership. Daft (2006) states that leadership is the ability to influence people to adopt the new behaviour needed for strategy implementation. An important part of implementing strategy is building consensus. People throughout the organisation must believe in the new strategy and have a strong commitment to achieving the vision and goals. Leadership means using persuasion, motivating employees, and shaping culture and values to support the new strategy. As an example Daft relates that CEO Sam Palasino of IBM used leadership to get people throughout the organisation aligned with the new e-business strategy. His actions included dismantling the executive committee that previously presided over strategic initiatives and replace it with committees made up of people from all over the company who now have a voice in strategy formulation and implementation. He inves ted considerable money in teaching managers at all levels how to lead rather than control their staff. He is also communicating with people all over the company, appealing to their sense of pride and motivating them to make IBM great once more by uniting behind the strategic vision, and facilitating the implementation of the strategy by making people feel they are participating, understand the strategy and therefore have more commitment to achieving it. Leadership in achieving successful strategy can be attributed to the drive and determination of a charismatic leader. Ruddock (2008) relates the Michael OLeary relentlessly drove change in what was a failing airline by concentrating on changing the publics perception of air travel as being somehow elevated above other forms of transport and turned the concept into one as commonplace as boarding a bus. The low-cost-no frills strategy was driven into every aspect of the airlines operation and OLearys considerable ability to generate publicity at every possible opportunity was utilised to the full. Every possible cost-saving action was taken, from negotiation of landing fees to relentless promotion of cheap flights with the lowering of passenger expectations of the service provided by such low costs. Ryanair, like many airlines today is suffering from the economic depression, but has up until recently been profitable and is still planning expansion at a time when many airlines are near collapse. This is in no small part due to the leadership qualities of Michael OLeary. The context in which leadership occurs is often a deciding factor in whether it is successful o not. The kind of leadership exercised will be related to the nature of the task and the people being led. It will also depend on the environment, and the actual leader. An analysis of the qualities of leadership in terms of intelligence, initiative, self-assurance and other characteristics is of limited value. The qualities required may be different in different circumstances, and it is important to take account of the variable leaders have to deal with, in particular, the task in hand, the group being led, and the leaders position relative to the group (Armstrong 2006). Leadership exists at different levels according to Adair (2006). There is the team level, where the leader is in charge of ten to fifteen people. The operational leader is responsible for a significant part of the business, such as a business unit, division or key functional department such as marketing. Operational leaders often have more than one team leader reporting to them. At the strategic level, the leader, often designated as the CEO, is leading the entire organisation. Strategic leadership is the art of leading a large body of people. The key to achieving sustainable business success is to have excellence in leadership at all three levels. Strategic, operational and team leaders need to work harmoniously together as the organisations leadership team. Cole (1997) relates that leadership is exercised against a background of the culture of the organisation. and this fact has important implications for the amount of power assigned to leaders as well as the styles that will be permitted. It does not follow that in any one organisation all leaders will adopt a less task-centred style than line managers, because their particular sub-cultures may be sufficiently different from the organisations as a whole. The sub-culture is a value-system of one part of an organisation which is a variance with the dominant value-system of the organisation as a whole. As an example, the research and development leader may be focussed on future product development while the marketing leader will aim to maximise market penetration. Conclusions Leadership appears to be characterised by many factors, some of which are inherent in the personality and actions of the individual, while others are dictated by circumstance, but are almost always accompanied by change in the circumstances of the organisation being led. Leadership is often confused with management, and the nature of leadership is not fully understood. References Adair, J. (2006) Leadership and Motivation, Kogan Page Limited, London, p 33. Adair, J. (2003) The Inspirational Leader, Kogan Page Limited, London, p 25. Armstrong, M. (2006), A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 10th Edition, Kogan Page Limited, London, p 300. Bennis, W. (1990 Managing the Dream: Leadership in the 21st Century, Training: The Magazine of Human resource development 27 (5): 44-6. Cole, G.A. (1997), Personnel Management, 4th Edition, Letts Educational , London, p 57. Daft, R.L. (2006), The New Era of Management, Thomson South-Western, USA, p 292. Harrison, R. (2005), Learning and Development, 4th Edition, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London, p 256. Hollington, S. (2006) How to Lead your Boss, People Management, Vol 12, no 24, 7 December, pp 44-5. Northouse, P.G, Northouse, P.G. (2009) Leadership: Theory and Practice, Edition 5, SAGE Publications, London, p 10. Price, A. (2007) Human Resource Management in a Business Context, 3rd Edition, Cengage Learning EMEA, London, p 531. Ruddock, A. ((2008), Michael OLeary: A Life in Full Flight, Penguin Books, London, p 194. Shackleton, V. (1995), Business Leadership, Routledge, London, p 2. Swart, J. Mann, C. Brown, S. Price, A. (2005) Human Resource Development, Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, London, p 179. Torrington, D. Hall, L. Taylor, S. (2008), Human Resource Management, Seventh Edition, FT Prentice Hall, London, p 318. Ulrich, D. Smallwood, R. (2002), Why the Bottom Line Isnt: How to Build Value Through People and Organisations, John Wiley Sons, Inc., USA, p 43.

John Lewis

Good day, everyone. Since you’ve just heard about the plus side, let us now talk about the weakness. Some may find the first few familiar but I’ll mention them again anyway. * Firstly, in 2008, a scandal over expenses claimed by Members of Parliament revealed that John Lewis prices were being used as a guide to the maximum costs refundable to MPs when equipping London pieds a terre at a public expense. * Secondly, last year, pre-tax profits fell 3. 8%, to ? 354 million. * Thirdly, the very wet summer in 2012 has affected profits of businesses including retail and the hospitality industry. Besides that, there are a number more that we’ve manage to look up such as how * John Lewis performance slipped over the 2010 Christmas period. While all retailers practically underperformed during this time, John Lewis was the most exposed.At the time of writing, the share price was 361p with the 52-week low of 367p and high of 759p, which means that John Lewis M&S had lost more than 50% of its value during the year (Sunday Times, 2011). * Similarly, the price/earnings ratio of 9. is very low as compared to that of its competitor’s i. e. Mark and Spenser. The price/earnings ratio is the key indicator of investor assurance in a company (Arnold, 2002). * Next, John Lewis has recently started cutting prices to match up the ever increasing competition. This may devalue the brand (The Economist, 2012). * Lastly, The company has been recently criticized for fuelling accusations of poor managerial incompetence, corporate governance and lack of transparency infuriating many large investors (Nugent and Hawkes, 2012). * Thank you. John Lewis Good day, everyone. Since you’ve just heard about the plus side, let us now talk about the weakness. Some may find the first few familiar but I’ll mention them again anyway. * Firstly, in 2008, a scandal over expenses claimed by Members of Parliament revealed that John Lewis prices were being used as a guide to the maximum costs refundable to MPs when equipping London pieds a terre at a public expense. * Secondly, last year, pre-tax profits fell 3. 8%, to ? 354 million. * Thirdly, the very wet summer in 2012 has affected profits of businesses including retail and the hospitality industry. Besides that, there are a number more that we’ve manage to look up such as how * John Lewis performance slipped over the 2010 Christmas period. While all retailers practically underperformed during this time, John Lewis was the most exposed.At the time of writing, the share price was 361p with the 52-week low of 367p and high of 759p, which means that John Lewis M&S had lost more than 50% of its value during the year (Sunday Times, 2011). * Similarly, the price/earnings ratio of 9. is very low as compared to that of its competitor’s i. e. Mark and Spenser. The price/earnings ratio is the key indicator of investor assurance in a company (Arnold, 2002). * Next, John Lewis has recently started cutting prices to match up the ever increasing competition. This may devalue the brand (The Economist, 2012). * Lastly, The company has been recently criticized for fuelling accusations of poor managerial incompetence, corporate governance and lack of transparency infuriating many large investors (Nugent and Hawkes, 2012). * Thank you.

The Basic Facts of Essay Writing Topics English

The Basic Facts of Essay Writing Topics English It is critical to know what kind of essay you're going to write and what's the ideal approach to write it. You may also provide the report to some other man or woman to experience the job. A friend will determine the regions which don't rhyme, and can help in making the piece exemplary. Write a great standard to someone's folk pal inquiring them to help you guideline an individual in creating all of the career choice. Vital Pieces of Essay Writing Topics English The simple means to compose the essay is by being alert to the topic. The introduction should offer general information which will be included in the short article. Opt for an informative speech topic you're interested in. The informative speech topic ought to be new and related to your audience. Opt for an intriguing topic Student must choose a topic that's prevailing and trending so it can draw the eye of ultimate readers in only a fast glance. 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Explaining how to spend less by utilizing open-source texts and internet textbook rental websites would result in an extremely informative essay. The body is the principal portion of the literature essay. A standard means of the way to compose a literature essay body is by using three or more paragraphs. While writing an essay for an english class may appear overwhelming it does not need to be. What you aspire to teach your reader will decide on the form of your essay. If your child doesn't excel at fiction writing and you know for sure they will have a selection of factual or fiction topics, you could concentrate on developing their capacity to compose a persuasive factual essay instead of battling uphill with creative writing. At length, editing is very important to make sure your writing flows in a simple, readable way that is logical, in addition to reviewing punctuation and grammar. Additional background knowledge will supply you with more confidence. 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Magical Realism In A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings By...

Magical Realism Essay While this genre in itself is an oxymoron, it can be defined as a genre of writing where magical or spectacular elements are introduced to a realistic and culturally accurate setting whose characters accept these events as part of their lives. Some of the genre’s defining characteristics are magical events are set in an ordinary world with historic and cultural realities but there is no logic or reasoning behind the event. There are also cultural influences in the story that are common beliefs among different types of people. And the hardest to define characteristic is the seamless blend of magical and realistic elements into one story. One of the key elements of magical realism is, the story bears the influences of†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, magical realism is also defined by a setting in an otherwise ordinary world with historical and cultural realities. Rudolfo Anayas book Bless Me Ultima, has many of these cultural realities that make the setting seem real in the â€Å"fictional† story. One of the key elements in the book are the characters with unexplained magical powers called Curanderos, these people are known to be able to heal the wounded and cure the sick. Curanderos are a part of Hispanic-American or chicano culture. Since Bless Me Ultima is set in a small town in New Mexico and the characters speak spanish, the reader can assume the dominant culture would be chicano affirming the cultural reality of these â€Å"witch doctors.† The story is also tied with historic realities in terms of setting. During Tony’s narration of his life, his brothers were only home a few different times due to their participation in the war. The war the book refers to is World War II which was an event that would have been happening during this time. Later in the book, Tony’s father blames the atomic bomb testing that occurred in New Mexico during the war for the strong hot winds that created dust devils that occurred durin g summer. In addition, another key element of the genre of magical realism is the blending of the magic and reality together seamlessly, blurring the line between the two. â€Å"Light is Like Water† is one of the best examples of thisShow MoreRelatedMagical Realism In Gabriel Garcia-Marquez A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings869 Words   |  4 Pagesthat a dead enormous man washes ashore, or a man with wings just appears out of nowhere all of a sudden making your life better without you realising it, or the power of a curandera is stronger than of God and evil itself. Magical realism a genre of writing, that introduces a realistic narrative and naturalistic technique but includes the elements of dreams, and fantasy making it seem completely normal, different than fiction. There are several elements that makes a writing magical realism but someRead More Realistic and Magical Elements of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings1111 Words   |  5 PagesRealistic and Magical Elements of A Ver y Old Man with Enormous Wings      Ã‚   A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings is a renowned short story written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. It was published in 1955. Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born and spent his childhood in Colombia but has lived in Paris and Mexico. As for the work that made him famous, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings is considered by most an archetype of Magical Realism. When reading A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, one comesRead MoreMagic Carpet Ride853 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Magic Carpet Ride† The author of â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings,† Gabriel Marquez, was a man ahead of his time. The concept of Magical Realism was brought forth in the early twentieth century, but not many people were in favor of it or could grasp the concept. One could compare it to a balanced diet; In the most simplest form, Magical Realism gives an even combination of reality and fairy tales. Magical Realism has different definitions; however, they all relatively share the sameRead More Magical Realism in Context: Analysis of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings1193 Words   |  5 PagesMagical Realism in Context: Analysis of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings      Ã‚   From the beginning of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, the ordinary begins to confront the extraordinary. This short story by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, one of the most famous Latin American authors, was introduced to the world in 1955. By examining the magical and realistic elements of this short story, the theoretical term given to an emerging art form of the mid- twentieth century can be applied to a workRead More Magical Realism in Gabriel Garcia Marqezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings1069 Words   |  5 PagesCharacteristics of Magical Realism in Gabriel Garcia Marqezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings The controversy surrounding Magical Realism makes the classification of what is and what is not Magical Realism very difficult. Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a famous Latin American author, has written many pieces of what is generally conceived to be Magical Realism. Marqezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings fulfills every characteristic of Magical Realism.. A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings includesRead Moreâ€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings by Gabriel Garcia- Marque995 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings†:Gabriel Garcia- Marquez story â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings†, written in 1955, is about a family harboring what is thought to be a fallen old â€Å"angel man†, initially thought to be on his way to take their ailing child away. The angel must have been coming for the child, but the poor fellow is so old that the rain knocked him down (Marquez, 1955). The family not knowing how to treat the situation embarks on a journey of mixed emotions of whether the man isRead More Magical Realism in Gabriel Garcias A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings 1023 Words   |  5 PagesMagical Realism in Gabriel Garcias A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings      Ã‚   A Very old Man with Enormous Wings (1955) is a short story by Garbriel Garcia Marquez, a Latin American author. This story contains many elements of Magical Realism, such as having one fantastic element while being reality based, having a deeper meaning, and having no need to justify or explain events or human actions. The magical elements in this story are the old man (that is assumed to be an angel) and theRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings1264 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis: A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings: A Tale for Children â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings: A Tale for Children† which was written in 1955 by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez has been described by many as difficult to understand and hard to follow. Faulkner describes it as having a â€Å"charming (but unsettling) effect† (1) on readers. Raney says that the story leaves most readers not fully understanding it because it uses a â€Å"subtler irony† (108) that â€Å"whispers† (108) to them and that itRead More The Loss of Faith Exposed in A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings2205 Words   |  9 PagesThe Loss of Faith Exposed in A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† by Gabriel Garcia Marquez is about a small religious town that is faced with having to believe or not believe in something that once held an extremely important place in Catholic history. The inciting incident is when Pelayo finds the bedraggled angel face down in the mud. The rising actions occur within the treatment of the angel by Pelayo, Elisenda and the town’s people, and also inRead MoreEssay on A Study of a Very Old Man with Enormous Wings1150 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a master of magical realism, twist our minds eye in the story A VERY OLD MAN WITH ENORMOUS WINGS. Our perspectives are disoriented as we are enchanted with beautiful prose and appaled by people’s actions. Through the use of percpective and magical realism Marquez conveys mob mentality and people’s reactions to something unusual. Through the use of magical realism, Marquez shows us the absurdidity of people’s actions. The large man with enormous wings converys people’s